Acne

What causes it?
Increased grease production from the sebaceous glands in the skin causes acne. The grease can block the glands and cause spots. The most commonly affected areas are the face, neck, back and chest.

Acne often starts at puberty as hormones increase sebum (grease) production. It generally improves after the teenage years but may persist in some people. Acne is not caused by poor hygiene or diet.

What treatments are available?
Topical treatments These contain the following:-

Benzyl peroxide
Retinoic acid
Antibiotics

Some of these can be bought over the counter but others are available on prescription from your GP. Sometimes the treatments may dry or irritate the skin a little, it is worth trying a different preparation to see if it helps, or using it less often.

Tablet treatment

1 Antibiotics
Several antibiotics can help acne. However they need to be taken for at least 4-5 months before a benefit may be seen.

2 Contraceptive Pill
The oral contraceptive Dianette can help acne in women who are suitable for oral contraceptive use.

3 Isotretinoin (Roaccutane)
This is a strong tablet treatment related to vitamin A used for severe acne where other treatments have failed. It is only available through Hospital Dermatologists as close monitoring is required. It is very important in particular that women do not become pregnant whilst taking this drug as it is very damaging to the unborn baby. This treatment has a number of side effects which your Dermatologist will discuss with you if you need this drug.

Does acne have any long term effects?
Acne can result in scarring in some people. It is therefore important to treat it early. Your General Practitioner or Dermatologist can advise you about the most suitable treatment for you.